Pneumonia

Pneumonia is an inflammatory condition of the lung affecting the air sacs (alveoli), often caused by infection with bacteria, viruses, fungi, or other microorganisms. The infection leads to inflammation, fluid accumulation, and the development of pus-filled areas in the lungs. Pneumonia can range from mild to severe and can be a life-threatening condition, especially in vulnerable populations.

Causes of Pneumonia:

  1. Bacteria: Streptococcus pneumoniae is a common bacterial cause, but other bacteria such as Haemophilus influenzae and Mycoplasma pneumoniae can also be responsible.

  2. Viruses: Influenza (flu) viruses, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), and the SARS-CoV-2 virus (which causes COVID-19) are examples of viral causes of pneumonia.

  3. Fungi: Fungal pneumonia is less common but can occur, particularly in individuals with weakened immune systems.

  4. Aspiration: Inhaling food, liquids, or vomited material into the lungs can lead to a type of pneumonia known as aspiration pneumonia.

Symptoms of Pneumonia:

  • Cough: Often producing phlegm.
  • Fever and chills: Shivering and sweating may accompany the fever.
  • Shortness of breath: Especially with exertion.
  • Chest pain: Sharp or stabbing pain, worsened by coughing or deep breathing.
  • Fatigue: Feeling unusually tired or weak.
  • Muscle aches: General discomfort or body aches.



Category:General Physician

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